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Compared with traditional surgery, minimally invasive surgery has the advantages of less trauma, faster recovery, and less pain for patients. The endoscopic minimally invasive medical device, as the doctor's "eye", can effectively help the doctor "see" the lesion. With the worldwide popularity of minimally invasive surgical techniques, endoscopy has also entered a period of rapid development.
The endoscopy device is widely used in clinical treatment of different departments and different diseases. Mainly divided into flexible endoscope (referred to as flexible endoscope) and rigid endoscope (referred to as rigid endoscope). Thoracoscopy, ureteroscopy, cystoscopy, arthroscopy, hysteroscopy, etc.
Rigid endoscopy can be divided into laparoscopy, thoracoscopy, hysteroscopy and other categories. Various types of rigid endoscopes are used in conjunction with supporting equipment to complete the diagnosis and treatment of various types of diseases. The main supporting equipment of hard mirrors in endoscopy device are camera system host, camera, cold light source, monitor, trolley, etc. Rigid endoscopes mainly enter sterile human tissues and organs or enter sterile chambers of the human body through surgical incisions, such as laparoscopy, thoracoscopy, arthroscopy, intervertebral discoscopy, ventriculoscopy, etc. The hard mirror is a prism optical system. The biggest advantage is that the image is clear, and it can be equipped with multiple working channels and select multiple viewing angles.
Flexible endoscopy mainly completes inspection, diagnosis and treatment through the natural cavities of the human body, such as gastroscopy, colonoscopy, laryngoscopy, bronchoscopy, etc. The optical system of the flexible mirror is a fiber optic optical system. The biggest feature of this fiber optic endoscope is that the lens part can be manipulated by the operator to change the direction and expand the scope of application, but the imaging effect is not as good as that of the hard mirror. Flexible endoscopes have been used in gastroenterology, respiratory medicine, ENT, urology, anorectal, thoracic surgery, gynecology and other departments, from simple disease screening to complex treatment of achalasia, bringing patients It has the advantages of timely and accurate diagnosis and treatment, low risk, small surgical trauma and quick postoperative recovery.
The fiber endoscopy device system consists of two parts: the endoscope body and the cold light source. There are two optical fiber bundles in the lens body: one is called the light beam, which is used to transmit the light generated by the cold light source to the surface of the object to be observed. , will illuminate the surface of the object to be observed; the other is called the image beam, which is to arrange tens of thousands of optical fibers with a diameter of less than 1 micron in a row in a row, one end is aimed at the eyepiece, and the other end is aimed at the object through the objective lens. Observing the surface of the object, the doctor can see the surface of the organ very intuitively through the eyepiece, which is convenient for timely and accurate diagnosis of the disease. For example, an endoscopist can look at ulcers or tumors in the stomach and use this to determine the best treatment plan.
With the development of electronics and digital video technology, the electronic endoscope appeared in the 1980s, so that the optical fiber is no longer used for image transmission, but a photosensitive integrated circuit camera system is used instead, which can mainly display not only the image quality Well, the brightness is strong, and the image is large, which can detect smaller lesions, and the outer diameter of the electronic endoscope is smaller, the image is clearer and more intuitive, and the operation is convenient. Some endoscopes even have tiny integrated circuit sensors that feed back what they observe to a computer. It can not only obtain the diagnostic information of the morphology of tissues and organs, but also measure various physiological functions of tissues and organs. The structure of the electronic endoscope is basically the same as that of the fiber endoscope. It can be simply understood that the CCD replaces the image guide beam, and many functions cannot be achieved by the fiber endoscope. The biggest difference between the electronic endoscope and the fiber endoscope is that the optical fiber image transmission beam is replaced by a CCD device called a miniature image sensor.
The use of endoscope instruments can effectively reduce cross-infection between patients and greatly improve the efficiency of minimally invasive surgery. With the continuous upgrading of technology and the continuous improvement of medical systems, the global endoscope market demand will further expand in the future and develop in the direction of miniaturization and consumables.